The ARIADNEplus project is the extension of the previous ARIADNE Integrating Activity, which successfully integrated archaeological data infrastructures in Europe, indexing in its registry about 2.000.000 datasets within the ARIADNE portal that makes available a geospatial component too.  ARIADNEplus will build on the ARIADNE results, extending and supporting the research community that the previous project created and further developing the relationships with key stakeholders such as the most important European archaeological associations, researchers, heritage professionals, national heritage agencies and so on. The new enlarged partnership of ARIADNEplus covers all of Europe. It now includes leaders in different archaeological domains like palaeoanthropology, bioarchaeology and environmental archaeology as well as other sectors of archaeological sciences, including all periods of human presence from the appearance of hominids to present times. Transnational Activities together with the planned training will further reinforce the presence of ARIADNEplus as a key actor.

The ARIADNEplus data infrastructure will be embedded in a cloud that will offer the availability of Virtual Research Environments where data-based archaeological research may be carried out. The project will furthermore develop a Linked Data approach to data discovery, making available to users innovative services, such as visualization, annotation, text mining and geo-temporal data management. Innovative pilots will be developed to test and demonstrate the innovation potential of the ARIADNEplus approach.

ARIADNEplus (2019-2022)  is funded by the European Commission under the H2020 Programme, contract no. H2020-INFRAIA-2018-1-823914, while ARIADNE project (2013-2017)  was funded under FP7 Programme, contract no. FP7-INFRA-2012-1.1.3-313193.

The book (Niccolucci, Richards, 2019) is a collection of seventeen papers which describe the impact that the ARIADNE project and its successor, ARIADNEplus have had on the archaeological community, both in Europe and further afield. Each case study has been contributed by organisations involved in the ARIADNE Infrastructure who cover many countries from across Europe as well as Argentina and Japan. These papers were originally presented at the CAA Conference in Krakow, April 2019 and cover aspects such as data management, application of standards and guidelines, the use of CIDOC-CRM and Open Data to name but a few.

“Prehistoric Copper Production in the Eastern and Central Alps - Technical, Social and Economic Dynamics in Space and Time” (D-A-CH) is a joint Austrian-Swiss project. The Eastern and Central Alpine copper economy played a major role in the metal supply of Central Europe during the Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. In that period, the Alpine economy changed considerably as mining and metal production transformed large parts of the landscape from agrarian and remote areas into early industrialized regions. Three of the most important copper producers have been selected for this joint research project: (1) the Schwaz/Brixlegg district in North Tyrol, Austria, (2) the Mitterberg district in Salzburg, Austria and (3) the Oberhalbstein district in Grisons, Switzerland. In all of these mining districts Bronze Age to Early Iron Age relics of copper ore mining and/or metallurgy are widespread and the archaeological investigation of a considerable number of sites is highly advanced. The state of research represents an excellent base for a supra-regional study dealing with the dynamics of prehistoric large-scale metal production in the three key-areas and beyond.
Based on specialized (mining-)archaeological investigations, highly precise chronological data using dendrochronology, geochemical analyses and econometric evaluations, the joint project aims to carry out a comparative and diachronic study of these three important prehistoric copper mining districts. The aim is to reconstruct and to better understand the development and significance of the districts, their economic dynamics and the manifold interrelations within the network of alpine metal producers. The results will be integrated into the European context of Bronze Age and Early Iron Age metal economy.

The primary goal of the inventory is to gather updated information and to evaluate each property in the study area to determine its heritage value or interest that should be recognized by adding it to the Municipal Heritage Register or further evaluated for potential designation under the Ontario Heritage Act.

EAMENA
Endangered Archaeology in the Middle East and North Africa
(Sheldrick and Zerbini, 2017)
[AE] [BH] [DZ] [EG] [EH] [IL] [IQ] [JO] [KW] [LB] [LY] [MA] [MR] [PS] [QA] [SA] [SY] [TN] [YE]

Supported by the Arcadia Fund and the Cultural Protection Fund and based at the Universities of Oxford, Leicester, and Durham, EAMENA was established in January 2015 to respond to the increasing threats to archaeological sites in the Middle East and North Africa. This project uses satellite imagery to rapidly record and make available information about archaeological sites and landscapes which are under threat.
EAMENA’s spatial database will provide the fundamental information for each site, including the level of risk and how each site relates to one another. It will be accessible to all heritage professionals and institutions with an interest and passion for the wonderfully rich and diverse archaeological heritage of the Middle East and North Africa. Not all damage and threats to the archaeology can be prevented, but they can be mitigated and so at the core of our project is the desire for excellence in heritage management. To this end, EAMENA works with relevant authorities on the ground to limit likely damage, share information and skills, strengthen networks and raise awareness. Fieldwork and outreach are essential components of the project and the EAMENA team will target investigations to the most threatened sites, visiting (where possible) to assess site conditions, make detailed records and liaise with national authorities to share data and findings.

The project objectives are to:

1. Develop VHs at different territorial scales (regions, member states, Europe), providing unique and mutually consistent points of access to heterogeneous data sources for both end-users (via geoportals) and machines (service interfaces, APIs).

2. Demonstrate the validity of the concept, design, implementation and deployment of VHs through the development of a set of ten innovative applications in different domains. The proposed applications will address the needs of businesses, citizens and public institutions, making use of both public and private (open) geospatial data.

The possibility to reach different data sources in an homogeneous way is exemplified by a new application, named GeoPAN Atl@s, developed in the context of ENERGIC OD project.
Integration of historical maps with modern cartographic layers can be fruitfully used for a wide range of proposes: landscape change analysis, urban development studies, archaeological research, territorial planning, etc. In particular, the purpose of GeoPAN Atl@s application is to combine historical maps in Lombardy Region (Italy) with local cartography provided by local authorities (e.g., municipalities, regions, etc.) for urban planning and risk mitigation purposes. Indeed, historical maps can be used to track land and territorial changes (e.g., changes in riverbed) during the centuries, which are not generally reported by modern maps.

“Geomatics Data Acquisition and Management for Landscape and Built Heritage in a European Perspective” (GAMHer), winner of the PRIN2015 call for Italian Research Project of National Interest, is a collaborative project that aims at exploiting and validating Geomatics algorithms, methodologies and procedures in the framework of new European regulations, which require a more extensive and productive use of digital information, as requested by the Digital Agenda for Europe as one of the seven pillars of the Europe 2020 Strategy. The primary interest on the built heritage, with an enphasis on Cultural Heritage and on the territorial and environmental context. Starting from point clouds, and through the use of GIS systems, BIM technology and 3D modeling, different LoD (level of detail) will be obtained for the geometrical description of the entities and in associated information, useful for promoting the innovation and the collaboration between users. The outcomes of GAMHer are not intended to be used only by a community of Geomatics specialists, but also by a heterogeneous user community that exploit images and laser scans in their professional activities. To this aim, GAMHer focuses on the need of a certified accuracy for surveying and monitoring projects with photogrammetry and laser scanning technologies, especially when used in a multiscale approach for landscape and built heritage documentation, conservation, and management.

The Massachusetts Cultural Resource Information System (MACRIS) allows you to search the Massachusetts Historical Commission database for information on historic properties and areas in the Commonwealth.

Users of the database should keep in mind that it does not include information on all historic properties and areas in Massachusetts, nor does it reflect all the information on file on historic properties and areas at the Massachusetts Historical Commission.

General objective: recover and preserve the network of roads and sites related to the Qhapaq Ñan, revealing its great importance as an economic, social, cultural and linkage element for the various peoples of the pre-Hispanic Andean space, so that at present it contributes to the development of the human settlements  linked to the road.
Specific objectives: preserve and value the cultural heritage of the Qhapaq Ñan and its surroundings.
Integrate the management of cultural heritage linked to the Qhapaq Ñan to territorial dynamics for regional and local development. Contribute to the strengthening of the identities and cultural processes of the peoples linked to the Qhapaq Ñan.

South African Heritage Resources Agency (SAHRA) has completed version 2 of the South African Heritage Resources Information System, commonly known as SAHRIS. Development of the system began in January 2012 using the Drupal Content Management System platform in line with SAHRA's overall adoption of free open source software. Version 1 covers heritage case management and is integrated with the National Inventory of sites and objects. The system has been tested and used by SAHRA's staff since May 2012 and is being rolled out in phases. Version 2 covers site and collection management.

Through SAHRIS, SAHRA is able to provide a heritage management tool to all heritage bodies and custodians
of heritage, as well as to local planning authorities and provincial heritage resources authorities.
The system enables the efficient and coordinated management of our heritage, and the maximization of benefit to be attained from our heritage resources by appropriate promotion and use of these resources. SAHRA views the custodians of heritage resources as integral partners in this project and is providing forums for  participation in the project.

Center for Geographic Information Science, Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences,Academia Sinica (GIS center), Coordinate short-, medium-, and long-term operations of multidisciplinary researches focusing on related topics in the sciences and humanities. Based on the requirements of multi-disciplinary research applications, sustain collection and construction of sustaining and unifying spatial base data and knowledge and building of spatial data infrastructure. Since the 1990s, GIS center build two spatio-temporal framework: "Time and space infrastructure of Chinese civilization" (Chinese Civilizationin Time and Space, CCTS) and "Taiwan History and Culture Map" (Taiwan History and Culture in Time and Space, THCTS) The goal of both system is constructing an integrated GIS-based application infrastructure on the spatial extent of China and Taiwan, in the timeframe of Chinese and Taiwanese history, and with the contents of Chinese and Taiwanese civilization.

Development of Tools and Techniques to Survey, Assess, Stabilise, Monitor And Preserve Underwater Archaeological Sites (SASMAP) project  has multiple objectives that all have as their aim to develop a structured and optimized approach to safeguarding underwater cultural heritage. The objectives are:
•    to develop regional specific geological models to understand paleo-geographic developments and use them to evaluate the probability of finding submerged archaeological settlement sites and of preserving them.
•    to optimise the selection process of the target region ideal for non-destructive down-scaling studies based on the regional specific geographical models. Tools used will range from regional satellite scanning of theoretical optimal target areas, detailed multibeam and shallow seismic surveying of selected target areas to new development and innovative use of 3D shallow seismic investigations of identified targets. Data from these non-destructive studies will be directly applicable to Geographical Information System (GIS) presentation, interpretation and modelling of the physical appearance of the archaeological sites. The GIS will be custom made for input of hydrodynamic and sediment regime data in order to evaluate site stability and preservation status.
•    to monitor biogeochemical parameters in typical littoral marine sediments by developing a data logging device. Measurements will be related to the degradation of organic archaeological materials in the marine environment and used to assess the preservation potential of sediments.
•    to develop new technologies in the form of prototype diver-held tools for sampling sediment cores from archaeological sites, and tools for assessing the state of preservation of waterlogged archaeological wood.
•    to develop and demonstrate innovative techniques to raise complex and heavily degraded waterlogged organic archaeological artefacts.
•    to develop and monitor the efficacy of using artificial seagrass and other synthetic materials to stabilize sediments around archaeological sites. The durability (deterioration) of the synthetic materials most frequently used when preserving sites in situ will be assessed.
•    to transfer knowledge and training in the use of the newly developed technologies through a field school and workshop. This will be aimed at potential end users of the SMEs involved and students, institutions, stakeholders and end users responsible for the management of underwater cultural heritage. Knowledge transfer will inform future generations of marine archaeologists and cultural resource managers about cutting edge technologies and marine spatial planning on a European scale.

Serial transnational World Heritage nominations are challenging the way cultural heritage has been managed and evaluated in the past. Serial transnational World Heritage nominations are unique in that they consist of multiple sites listed as one property, distributed in different countries, involving a large diversity of stakeholders in the process. As a result, there is a need for precise baseline information for monitoring, reporting and decision making. This type of nomination requires different methodologies and tools to improve the monitoring cycle from the beginning of the nomination towards the periodic reporting. The case study of the Silk Roads Cultural Heritage Resource Information System (CHRIS) illustrates the use of a Geographical Content Management System (Geo-CMS) supporting the serial transnational World Heritage nomination and the monitoring of the Silk Roads in the five Central Asian countries. The Silk Roads CHRIS is an initiative supported by UNESCO World Heritage Centre (WHC) and the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO), and developed by a consortium headed by the Raymond Lemaire International Centre for Conservation (RLICC) at the KULeuven. The Silk Roads CHRIS has been successfully assisting in the preparation of the nomination dossiers of the Republics of Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan and will be used as a tool for monitoring tool in the Central Asian countries.

The development and implementation of a bilingual Arabic-English, Web-based national geospatial information system for Jordan's Department of Antiquities (DoA) was the central focus of the Middle Eastern Geodatabase for Antiquities (MEGA)–Jordan project.
The MEGA–Jordan project included the following components:

• requirements gathering, creation of use cases, and risk analysis

• data development

• development of the system

• implementation of the system and training

• system monitoring and maintenance

MEGA-Jordan serves as the primary tool for the DoA in its work to inventory, monitor, and manage Jordan's vast number of archaeological sites. It is facilitating the work of DoA leadership and other staff, as well as Jordanian and international scholars, and, ultimately plays an important role in preserving Jordan's archaeological treasures.

The rich archaeological heritage of the pre- and protohistoric necropoles in the Ticino and Mesolcina valleys includes a number of «contact finds» indicating the existence of transalpine communication routes from these early times. However, prehistoric settlements are widely unknown between the southalpine lakes and the central alpine range. The shortest connection between northern Italy and western central Europe crosses the Gotthard pass an important route of commerce, well attested from the Middle Ages. New archaeological investigations have been started in the Leventina, focusing on the early settlement history of the valley and its role in the framework of transalpine contacts. Field work concerns in particular the prehistoric site of Airolo-Madrano «Mött Chiaslasc/In Grop» and its Bronze and Iron age connections. The project also includes palynological and palaeobotanical research in view of a reconstruction of the natural and cultural landscapes in the Leventina valley, and GIS-based analyses of archaeological sites and their ecological and economical background.

The National Technical University of Athens and the Higher Technological Institute of Cyprus undertook an inter-state research project between Greece and Cyprus, which has been jointly financed by the General Secretariat of Research and Technology of Greece and the Research Promotion Foundation of Cyprus. The objectives of this project, code named “Aphrodite”, were the design of a Monument Information System (MIS) and its implementation in a web-based environment, for the 3D accurate reconstruction, using contemporary geodetic measurements, photogrammetric procedures and terrestrial laser scanners, documentation and archiving of historical monuments.

MACHU (Managing Cultural Heritage Underwater) aims to support new and better ways for effective management of our underwater cultural heritage and to make information about our common underwater cultural heritage accessible to researchers, policymakers and the general public.
MACHU was originated as a three-year project involving seven countries sponsored by the European Union’s Culture 2000 programme. The project ran from September 2006 to August 2009.

As a result, the MACHU project initiated the development of a web-based GIS (MACHU GIS) application for management and research. And an interactive website (Wrecks in Situ) designed to increase access to our underwater cultural heritage for the general public, enhancing public support for the protection of sites underwater. New applications and documents are added since.

RecorDIM was a project organized by Getty Conservation Institute, between 2003 and 2007, one of its main partners being CIPA. Its main impact consisted in promoting the paradigm of “bridging the gap (…) between the information users (researchers, conservation specialists of all trades, project managers, planners etc.) and the information providers (photographers, heritage recorders, photogrammetrists, surveyors, etc.)” as it is mentioned on the homepage of the project. The idea behind RecorDIM “was to improve conservation practice by improving the ability of professionals to gather, create, manage, and interpret documentation” (Getty Conservation Institute, 2010). The GIS technology was considered as an important instrument for achieving the project objectives, and, therefore, one of the task groups of the project was “Generic GIS Template for the Management of Heritage Places”.

The project’s goal is the development of an accurate and powerful methodology to capture and model in 3D complete geometric and colour details of medoeval castles located in the Trentino province. This is useful for the accurate 3D documentation and photo-realistic visualization of large and complex architectural sites.

The Los Angeles Historic Resource Survey Project (LAHRS) Project sought:

• to document the community, cultural, and economic benefits of a comprehensive, citywide historic resource survey

• to develop a professional survey methodology through research of key survey methods and management issues (survey data will be used for multiple purposes including historic preservation, education, community and economic development)

• to collaborate with the city and stakeholders in testing survey methods

• to publish information regarding survey practice and incentives for historic preservation

• to serve as an information resource regarding historic resource survey methods and management issues for city government and the private sector

to share information on best practices associated with citywide surveys with the conservation community and interested stakeholders

The Romanian Archaeological Sites and Historical Monuments Inventory Application - eGISpat, a centrally managed GIS system, was designed to provide the functionality to maintain and advanced analysis of the geospatial and parametric data, and to produce maps and reports using a national-wide archaeological and historical monuments geodatabase, known as the ’’List of the Historical Monuments’’ (LHM). The purpose of the eGISpat is to facilitate the regional branches participation in and support of integrated resource planning at the district (called ’’judet’’) and local government level, and the maintenance of data on the historical record of archaeological work and historical monuments done in the districts.